STRUCTURE OF TOOTH AND SWALLOWING

 

https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1B_0r5yCul4BdWWXTKGl_83uciiPVlDgG/edit?usp=drivesdk&ouid=112418425102942225803&rtpof=true&sd=true

The work focuses on the structure of tooth and the process of swallowing.

Teeth consist of several layers, each serving a unique function. The outermost layer is enamel, a hard, mineralized substance protecting the tooth from decay. Beneath the enamel is the dentin, a porous, sensitive layer that supports the enamel and contains nerve endings. Inside the dentin is the pulp, a soft tissue filled with blood vessels and nerves that nourishes the tooth and allows sensation. The root, embedded in the jawbone, anchors the tooth and is covered by a layer of cementum, which helps secure the tooth in place. The overall structure supports chewing, grinding, and biting functions.

Swallowing is a complex process involving the mouth, throat, and esophagus. It begins with chewing, which mixes food with saliva to form a bolus. The tongue then pushes the bolus to the back of the mouth, triggering the swallowing reflex. The soft palate rises to close off the nasal passages, and the epiglottis folds over the trachea to prevent food from entering the airway. The pharyngeal muscles contract, pushing the bolus into the esophagus. Peristalsis, a series of coordinated muscle contractions, moves the bolus down the esophagus to the stomach, where digestion continues.

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